植物學上的術語--王民聲
草本: 生長矮小, 沒有木質的植物。
灌木: 生長一般大的植物。
喬木: 生長高大的植物。
多肉植物: 有肉質的莖、葉貯存水份。
一年生植物: 由開始用種子發育, 到開花, 結子到死亡。一般一年內進行。比較則有二年生植物, 多年生植物。
常綠: 指全年葉生長綠色, 沒有落葉現像。
落葉: 指落葉過冬的植物。
刺窩: 仙人掌多肉植物特有器官, 生有絨毛或刺, 只可開花一次。
苞片: 花體的部份, 變異的葉。色彩美麗。
芽: 生長最初的部份, 葉芽、花芽。
扦插: 指用植物的一般莖、根、葉繁殖成一株新植物。
重瓣: 指在正常開花的花瓣的數目較多。花形不同。
漿果: 肉質多汁之果, 種子在果肉內。
蒴果: 開裂之乾果。
雌雄同株: 有些植物有分公、乸。如栗子樹群中, 必須種一株公樹, 會同時開花。
裂片: 器官之分片。
卷鬚: 線狀之組織, 可纏繞他物而上。
頂生: 生於頂生或末端上。
核果: 有柔軟的肉質, 纖維質之種皮, 內有硬的種子。
乳汁: 乳狀汁液。
總苞: 環繞整個花序的苞片。
葉腋: 莖與葉之間所成之內角位置。
葉柄: 指葉之柄部。
三小葉: 由三小葉所組成的葉片。
單葉: 指單一的葉。
掌狀葉: 由五小葉所組成的葉片, 如手掌狀。
羽狀葉: 由多片小葉所組成的葉片, 如羽毛狀。
二回羽狀葉: 重複羽狀所組成的葉片。
葉形: 依外形比喻來形容。帶形、劍形、披針形、矩圓形、橢圓形、心形、卵形等等。
葉緣: 指葉邊, 如全綠或有鋸齒等。
葉互生: 指葉在莖上排列, 一節一片葉。
葉對生: 莖上的節一對一對的葉生長, 如相對。
葉輪生: 莖上的節三片或以上的葉生長, 如輪形。
葉軸: 指複葉的中肋, 由葉柄延生而成或把葉分成兩等。
節: 指莖上出葉的位置。
葉脈: 指葉輸導組織。大的叫肋, 小的叫脈。
托葉: 指葉柄基部的葉狀或鱗片的東西。
子葉: 種子最初出來的葉片。
子房: 含有胚珠之雌性生殖組織。受精後, 子房變果皮, 胚珠變種子。
禿淨: 缺葺毛或柔毛者。
蟲果: 有虫花同雄花之果。
花葯: 雄蕊一部份內含花粉。
花萼: 花被最外部份, 似杯狀。
花冠: 花之器官, 包括花瓣之部份。
花絲: 雄蕊之部份。
花序: 花簇, 或植物上之排列情形。
葇荑花序: 纖細, 時常下垂花穗。
圓錐花序: 多分枝, 又展開之花序。
花序柄: 花序中的主軸。
花被: 花包圍之部份。即指花萼及花冠部份。
花瓣片: 指花片而有顏色之部份。
穗狀花庇: 無分枝之繄密花序。而花屬無柄者。
花柱: 指雌蕊子房同柱頭之間狹窄部份。
花托: 花之承軸。
繖形花序: 由多數花梗等長之花所組成。或固一點作放射狀排列。
花瓣狀: 像似花瓣。
總狀花序: 指單柄之花序, 柄上有連半一柄花, 下部花首先開。
佛燄苞: 即肉穗花序, 中心如粟米形的心, 又似紅掌的花。
莢果: 如豆角般, 種子排列成半形。兩邊莢著。
唇瓣: 指花冠一枚特別裂片, 所有蘭花都有唇瓣。
匍匐莖: 沿土面匍匐生長的芽枝, 可繁殖。
基肥: 生長前, 埋在植物下面的肥料。
追肥: 在生長情況下施加肥料。
化學肥: 指人工合成化學物質的肥料。
有機肥: 指動物糞便, 植物的腐葉, 油粕等。
整枝: 整理樹形, 如用鐵絲誘引樹枝。
人工受粉: 用人動手, 令雌花受花粉。
定植: 由幼苗移到田地或盆中。
株距: 指植株與植株間的距離。
行距: 指播種溝與播種溝、栽種與栽種溝之距離。
摘心: 指摘去頂芽。
作畦: 指種下種子, 幼苗之處理叫畦。把田土兩側挖起深溝, 以利排水。
秋梢: 指收果後, 經修剪所發出的新芽。有利日後結果。
術語
宿根植物: 在冬季時植物地上部分枯死, 但地下根系仍然存活。
鱗莖: 首先是地下莖、短縮成盤狀，上面密生鱗葉和芽。為適應不良環境而變不同形態的。
壤土: 一定比例的沙粒土，粉沙土和粘粒土構成的土壞。適合植物生長。
酸性土壤: 指pH值小於6.5的土壤。大部分花卉喜歡的土壤。如杜鵑、山茶。
碱性土壤: 指pH值大於7的土壤。除仙人掌類，一般花卉不適合的土壤。
Botanical terminology ---------------Wong Man Sing
Herb: Grows diminutive, does not have the lignin plant.
Bush: Grows the common big plant.
Tree: Grows the big plant.
Multi-meat plant: Has the pulp stem, the leaf storing moisture. Annual plant: By starts with the seed growth, to blossoms, seed to death. In the general year carries on. Compared with has the biennial plant, the perennial plant.
Evergreen: Refers to the whole year leaf growth green, does not have the fallen leaf phenomenon.
Fallen leaf: Refers to plant which the fallen leaf winters.
Punctures the nest: The cactus multi-meat plant unique organ, lives has the down or the thorn, only may blossom a time.
Bract: Colored body part, variation leaf. The color is beautiful.
Bud: Growth initial part, leaf bud, flower bud.
Cuttage: Refers with plant's common stem, the root, the leaf reproduces a new plant.
Double petals: Refers to flower petal's number which blossoms normally to be many. The colored shape is different.
Berry: Fruit of the pulp juiciness, seed in fruit pulp.
Capsule: Dry fruit of the dehiscence.
Monoecism: Some plants partakers of male and female
If in the chestnut tree group, must plant a male tree, can also blossom.
Lobe: Lamination of the organ.
Tendril: Organization of the striation may twine his thing on.
Goes against lives: Had been born in going against lives or on the terminal.
Drupe: Has the soft pulp, seed shell of the fiber, in has the hard seed.
Milk: Milky juice.
Involucre: Surrounds the entire inflorescence the bract.
Axil: Between within the stem and the leaf becomes the angular position.
Petiole: Refers to handle of department the leaf.
Three small leaves: Leaf blade is composed which by three small leaves.
Simple leaf: Refers to the sole leaf.
Palmate leaf: Leaf blade is composed which by five small leaves, like hand palmate.
Pinnate leaf: Leaf blade is composed which by the multi-piece small leaf, like the feather is hairy.
Bipinnate leaf: The redundant plumose composes leaf blade.
Leaf shapes: Described according to the contour analogy. Belt shapes, ensiform, lanceolate, moment circular, elliptic, cordate, and ovate and so on.
Leaf margins: Refers to the limb, like entire green or has the serrate and so on.
Leaf alternate: Refers to the leaf to arrange on the stem, a piece of leaf.
Leaf opposite: On a stem section pair of pair of leaf growth, like relative.
Leaf whorled: On stem section three pieces of or above leaf growth, like turn shape.
Rachis: Refers to the duplicate leaf the midrib, but extends by the petiole lives or divide the leaf into two and so on.
Section: Refers to on the stem leaf's position.
Venation: refers to the leaves of the conducting tissue. Called ribs, small is called the pulse.
Stipule: Refers to the petiole base the leaf-shape or the lamella thing. Seed leaf: The seed comes out at first leaf blade.
Ovary: Includes female of reproduction organization the ovule. After the fertilization, the ovary changes the peel, the ovule changes the seed.
Bare only: Lacks thatches a roof the wool or the fluff.
Insect fruit: Has the insect flower fruit of with the staminate flower.
Anther: Stamen part content pollen.
Calyx: The perianth most outside part resembles the shape of cup.
Corolla: Organ of the flowered, part of including the flower petal. Filament: Part of the stamen.
Inflorescence: Dense cluster of flowers, or on plant arrangement situation.
Catkin: Slender, often drooping the flowered ear.
Panicle: Multi-branchings, also launches the inflorescence.
Inflorescence stalk: the inflorescence spindle.
Perianth: Part of the flowered surrounding. Namely refers to the calyx and the corolla part.
Flower petal piece: Refers to the flower petal to have part of the color.
The fringy flower shields: Does not have the branching the close inflorescence. But spends to be without the handle.
Style: Refers to the pistil ovary with the column head between the narrow parts.
Receptacle: Journal of the flowered.
Umbel: And so on the long flower is composed by the most pedicels. Or solid makes the radiated arrangement.
Flower petal shape: Is like the flower petal.
Raceme: Refers to inflorescence of the single handle, on the handle has a half handle to be continually colored, lower part the flower first opens.
Spathe: Namely spadix, central like corn shape heart, also resembles the red palm the flower.
Legume: If the cowpea, the seed arranges half shape. Both sides of the legume.
Labellum: Refers to a corolla special lobe, all orchids all have the labellum.
The Portuguese runners: grow along the soil surface Portuguese runners Cladosporium breeding .
Base fertilizer: Before the growth, buries in the plant following fertilizer.
Top dressing: Exerts the fertilizer in the growth situation.
Chemical fertilizers: Refers to the synthesized chemical substance the fertilizer.
Organic fertilizer: Refers to the animal excrement, plant's spoiled leaf, the oil cake and so on.
Pruning: Reorganization shape of tree, if lures the branch with the iron wire.
Artificial pollination: Choosing a person for a job begins, to make the female flower the pollen.
Field planting: Transfers to in the paddies or the trough by the seedling.
Distance between plants: Refers to distance between the adult plant and adult plants.
Row spacing: Refers to the sowing seeds ditch and the sowing seeds ditch, plants with plants distance of the ditch.
pinching: accusations to the terminal bud.84
Bedding: Refers plants the seed, processing seedling calls the furrow. Digs the gulley the field earth both sides, in order to help draining water.
Fall tree top: After refers receives the fruit, sends out the new bud after the trim. Advantageous in the future result.
Terminology
Rhizocarp: When winter the plant aerial parts lose plant, but the underground root system's still survived.
Bulb: First is the subterranean stem, the contraction becomes discoid, above the dense scale leaves and buds. Adapt to adverse environmental changes in different forms.
Loam: Certain proportion sand earth, the powder sandy soil and the clay soil formation earth is bad. Suitable for plant growth.
Acid soil: Refers to the pH value to be smaller than 6.5 soils. The majority of flowers and plants like soil. For example cuckoo, camellia japonica.
Alkali soil: Refers to the pH value to be bigger than 7 soils. In addition to the cactus, common flowers and plants not suitable for the soil.
