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The 21st exhibition of Chinese orchids
The 21st exhibition of Chinese orchids-----------Wong Man Sing

In order to fully demonstrate the endless charm of orchid resources, to showcase latest level in China and the International Orchid career development, and to promote the exchange and development of Chinese orchid resources and efforts to promote the orchid industry’s internationalization process, twenty-first (Kunming Pan Asia) orchids Fair. Was February 18, 2011 - 21, was held at the Kunming International Convention and Exhibition Centre. The orchid exposition exhibition is: promote the orchid culture, promote the orchid industry. Exhibition show the characteristics of different countries and regions orchid breed. Participate in orchid exhibition countries including: Japan, South Korea, Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Macao countries and regions. The author to representing Hong Kong in is a grand meeting, and taken thousands of picture to share with you GuoLan culture (and attach national orchid’s fair clip). Finally for the national promotion orchid culture, do point cotton force.



The national flower of the countries all over the world -------Wong Man Sing
On behalf of the national, regional flower
The territory of the People’s Republic: Paeonia suffruticosa
The Hong Kong special administrative region: Bauhinia Blakeana
South Korea: Hibiscus syriacus
North Korea: Magnolia Sieboldii
Japan: Chrysanthemum
The Philippines: Jasminum multiflorum
Laos: Plumeria rubra 'Acutifolia'
Vietnam: Bambusoideae
Cambodia: Apricot
Burma: Ixora chinensis
Egypt, Thailand, Bangladesh, Srilanka: Nymphaea tetragona
Malaysia, Sudan：China Rose
Singapore: Vanda
Indonesia: J．mulfiflorum
Nepal: Cuckoo
India: Lotus flower
Pakistan；Jasminumgrandiflorum
Afghanistan, Turkey, the Netherlands: Tulips
Russia, Bolivia, Peru: Helianthus annuus
Iran, Iraq, Syria, Luxembourg: Rosa chinensis
The Arab: TagetespatulaL.
Yemen: Coffee Flower
Lebanon: Cedrus
Norway: Photinia serrulata Lindl.
Finland：Convallaria majalis
Denmark: Marguerite
Belgium: Papaver rhoeas
France: Iris tectorum
Switzerland, Austria: Leontopodium leontopodioides
Germany, Malta: Centaurea cyanus Linn.
Portugal: Amaranthus tricolor
Spain: Carnation
Italy: Daisy
The Vatican: Cyclamen persicum
Greece: Olea europaea L.
Britain, Romania: Rosa spp
Bulgaria: Rose
Poland: Viola tricolor Linn
The Czech republic：Linden
Hungary: Pelargonium hortorum
Argentina: Erythrina variegata L
Paraguay: Jasmine
Costa Rica, Brazil, Colombia：Cattleya hybrida

Chinese top ten Famous Flowers--------- Wong Man Sing
Famous Chinese Flowers
1986 Shanghai garden to learn, “garden” magazine, Shanghai culture press; Shanghai television station jointly organized the “Chinese traditional top ten famous flowers” selection activities. By more than one hundred experts and scholars garden flowers, composition selection committee for more than half a year, a total of about 150000 pieces of collecting tickets. Confirm the China top ten famous flowers. China’s top ten famous flowers , is China’s mainland, cultivation has a long history, widely used in people’s life, history and culture, and recorded the most popular flowers. They are plum flower, peony, chrysanthemum, the orchid, the Chinese rose, azalea, lotus, sweet osmanthus, narcissus, camellia. The China’s top ten famous flowers , after thousand years of cultivation history, in the eyes of people already entrenched, becomes the Chinese national spirit civilization representative, become the contemporary social progress and prosperity of the country mark.
Chinese top ten famous flowers and laudatory name
(1) The peony: riches and honors the king of flowers
(2) Orchid: In flower gentleman, first under heaven fragrance, beautiful woman, spatial valley.
(3) Chrysanthemum: in the flower gentleman, in the flower solitary.
(4) The plum blossom: in the flower gentleman, the snow coats.
(5) Lotus: lotus flower, in the flower fairies, in the flower gentleman.
(6)Narcissus: Limbo fairy
(7)Chinese rose: the queen of flower
(8)The azalea: beauty in flower
(9)Sweet osmanthus: suffuse an exquisite fragrance all around
, in the flower fairies.
(10)Camellia: in the flower treasure, in the flower swordsman, in the flower princess.


Chinese Orchid----------Wong Man Sing
Guolan ----------------Wong Man Sing
Also known as: Chinese cymbidium (Cymbidium goeringii Rchb. f. , Cymbidium ensifolium L. Sw. , Cymbidium faberi, Cymbidium Kanran Mak. , Cymbidium sinensis (Andr.) Willd. )
English name: Orehidaceae
Family: Orehidaceae
Country of origin: The Chinese cave fountain, forest dense place. Leaf: The leaf usual alternate growth, the leather nature, belt-shaped, the green, two row or the screw arrangement, hold the stem the leaf sheath, are named as the bud leaf. Bunch of leaves, are named a gun. Cymbidium goeringii Rochb. f. each bunches of most 7, the Cymbidium faberi are most 11.
Flower: The inflorescence goes against lives or the armpit lives, the raceme erectness or bends down hangs. Has the fragrance. The colored shape not really neat, the platoon becomes inside and outside two turns. The foreign ship 3 petals are the sepal, the shape are similar. In a turn 3 petals is a flower petal. Above in which the shape similar leaf ala, the popular name hold the heart. The bottom of one than the other two large, to lower volumes transferred, such as lips like. Called lip. Commonly known as tongue. Orchid's female stamen gathers the production columnarly, the named pistil column. Is named for the nose. The flowering season long, the different variety flowering season is different. The cymbidium goeringii Rochb. f. spring blossoms, the cymbidium ensifolium autumn blossoms.
Fruit: capsule, oblong.
Feature: wide fork orchid is refers to the orchidaceae plants, including Guolan and cattleya. Guolan refers a kind of flower small color, shallow, changed little, leaf form beauty, fragrant. Our country production. Such as Cymbidium goeringii Rochb. f. , Cymbidium ensifolium(L).Sw. , Cymbidium faberi, Cymbidium Kanran Mak. , Cymbidium sinensis (Andr.) Willd. . Orchid clear brilliant including charming fragrance overflowing, “incense" the reputation of the best in the world. Through the ages, a people orchid, the plum, the bamboo, the chrysanthemum are “four gentlemen”.Regards loyally blue for the saint, happy, the noble and pure symbol. Writers and poets good article method called Lan Zhang. Really clean friendship called "Lan Yi ". Deed to friend called Jinlan sworn. The ancient and modern celebrity chants the orchid poetry. To the Southern Song the poet Liu Kezhuang the Septasyllabic "Orchid” the most exciting. Orchids are the ground orchid stems short, the majority of changes to the shortening of the chain bulbs, roots fleshy stems milky white, the storage of nutrients and moisture. Orchid is a traditional Chinese garden flowers, quiet flavor, and color and refined. Generally on display in the living room, meeting rooms, halls, very elegant. I had the honor to represent Hong Kong at the 2011 21st China ( Kunming Pan Asia ) Orchid Exposition display venue orchids , all photographed to share with everyone .
Cultivation: hi shading 70-80 %, temperature 20 ° C to -30 ° C, air humidity 70-80 %, and well-ventilated place. Including humus rich slight acidity soil.
Propagation: Division propagation.


Chinese Herbal Medicine Plants-------------Wong Man Sing
We observed that dogs and cats get sick of home, know how to forage grass to the rule of the disease China .Since ancient times, also know how to have collected some plants to treat diseases . China since ancient times, also know how to have collected some plants to treat diseases. So Chinese herbal medicine origin of a long time to complete, legendary FuXi , ShenNong , XuanYuan's. The Chinese folk believe the king of medicine is BianQue, SunSiMiao, HuaTuo, LiShiZhen, ZhangZhongjing, FuQingZhu, YeJia and so on.
Warring states period (Zhou, Temple) there will be recorded; Based on five tastes, five grass, five medicine to raise its disease; whoever cure disease, to SINS of attack, to support the five gas, with five medication, based on five tastes. All medicine, acid to keep bone, octyl keep bar, with salty keep vein, with bitter nourishing, Kennedy keep meat, to raise the bladder smooth. Chinese herbal medicine books many, but in the LiShiZhen the Compendium of Materia Medica , by the world association of natural science think that the world is one of the scientist nature. East the Li Shi Zhen character the jade, the number are close to the Hushan person, the Hubei Qizhou person. The ancestor, the father for doctor, by individual the strength, complete the world the hard iron (Compendium of Materia Medica ), are receiving the medicine 1892 kind of, attached figure more than 11,000, relate in detail each medicine the nature of a medicine, mainly treat, the medication principle, the habitat, the shape, the recovery, concoct, the formula and so on. Attaches the formula more than 10,000 strip. Passes on by has the multi-country writing translation book in circulation to today. Multiple languages spread today translate into a book.

五穀植物
Grain Plants---------------Wong Man Sing
" Neijing " grain for the support , the five fruits to help five animals for the benefit of five dishes for the charge , the smell of joint and service to complement the fine air ." Including grains and refers ; rice is rice , brown rice ; millet refers yellow rice or corn ; the beam refers sorghum , commonly known as milo ; wheat is wheat , barley , buckwheat , oats , wheat ; the Panicum miliaceum general beans , such as red bean , mung bean , soybean , etc. ; grains is in addition to rice , wheat outside omnivorous , such as pumpkin seeds, walnuts , barley . Referred to in the "category by grain rice, hemp, soy, wheat, yellow millet “.
[Zhou ] "Hemp, broomcron millet, millet, wheat, beans (bean)"
[Chu elegies]"rice, millet, broomcorn millet, beans, hemp"
[Mencius] "rice, broomcorn millet, millet, wheat, beans"
[Guanzi ] ]"millet, pancicm italicum, beans, wheat, rice"
Grains in the rice and wheat are still our staple diet. In China, rice (paddy) cultivation originated in southern China about 4700 years ago, the ShenNong era. Planting of wheat (barley and wheat), and about before the Prehistoric late or in PanGeng the moved to Yin introduced to North China.
As for the grains of broomcorn millet, millet and pancicm italicum belongs to “the millet.” Millet “is one of the important foods of the north, rarely planted in the south.” Small" are basically two types of plants: millet genus and panicum.
Grain hemp, marijuana. Marijuana seeds is non-toxic, but leaves toxic, it can act as a food. The grain miscellaneous grains have included the rice, the wheat and all kinds mixed valley, the legumes, the stone fruit, lotus flower seed pod kind food, for example unpolished rice, wheat, oats, barley, buckwheat, Tibetan barley, millet, sorghum, coarse lotus flower seed pod kernel, ocean lotus flower seed pod kernel, glutinous rice, soybean, red bean, black soybeans, late-planted beans, hyacinth bean, young soy beans, peanut, walnut, cashew, sesame seed, pine nut and so on. But the paddy rice head of for the grain, is the human staple food, the manner can approximately the thermal origin, provides the carbohydrate, the protein, the fat, the Vitamin B crowd of, E and the fiber, the mineral substance nutrient of and so on.
The Wuliangye colorless, transparent, no too strong irritation , although the alcohol content of up to 60 degrees , but the wine sweet soft mellow folder containing various flavor , off the throat Relax . Wuliangye used to be known as grains wine later literati another name for it as Wuliangye , still in use .

仙人掌植物
Cactus Plants---------------Wong Man Sing
Cactus plants and Multi-meat plant are a class of thick, fleshy leaves, very drought-tolerant plants. All sorts of strange and unusual quantity are many. Belonging to Cactaceae , Agavaceae , Crassulaceae , Aizoaceae , Asclepiadaceae , Compositae , Euphorbiaceae and Liliaceae , etc. . Produces originally in the arid prairie, desert, half desert region, bears the arid, adaptation bad natural environment. The leaves gradually degraded or hypertrophy juicy state. The varieties varied form of succulence. Such as cactus with succulent spiny columnar fleshy stems. The Agavaceae having fleshy leaves more for ribbon. The Crassulaceae leaves showed a rosette -like arrangement. The Asclepiadaceae leopard skins flowers also succulent. .On the stem still had already the leaf, flowers’ shape also enormous difference which degenerates. Stems occurred “flat”, was duck coronavirus or mountain -like, termed “suffix.” Petrochemical. Green stems, leaves more colorful strains rods. Irregular red, yellow, white stripes, spots boundless in whole or in part, known as “Jin “. Most succulents slow growth, peculiar shape, of flowers delicately, conservation of simple, easy propagation. Can be said that a class of “lazy Flower”.


園藝教育

Gardening Education------------Wong Man Sing
There is an old saying in China. “Take care of one’s own children first and then extend the same care to the others’ children”.
Raise and educate their own junior should not forget the other children who do not have the blood relationship relations; this is without doubt my Chinese nation long-term consistent tradition universal love thought. Should carry forward. The gardening education and the gardening activity all supposes for the guardian and the student-- Sees the student joyful is teacher is happy to plant's growth and the crop--As a pedagogue's responsibility.

多肉植物
Multi-meat plant --------------Wong Man Sing
Multi-meat plant is a thick, fleshy leaves, very drought tolerant plants .All sorts of strange and unusual quantity is many. Belonging to Cactaceae , Agavaceae , Crassulaceae, Aizoaceae , Asclepiadaceae , Compositae , Euphorbiaceae and Liliaceae , etc. . Produces originally in the arid prairie, desert, half desert region, bears the arid, adaptation bad natural environment. But the leaf blade degenerates gradually perhaps the plump juiciness condition. The variety changeable shape is different; the sarcody degree respectively is also dissimilar. If the cactaceae has the juiciness multi-thorn columnar succulent stem. The American agave branch has the pulp leaf blade much is belt-shaped. The Crassulaceae leaves showed a rosette -like arrangement. The Asclepiadaceae leopard skins flowers also succulent. .On the stem still had already the leaf, flowers’ shape also enormous difference which generates. Stems occurred “flat”, was duck coronavirus or mountain -like, termed “suffix . "Petrochemical. Green stems, leaves more colorful strains rods. Irregular red, yellow, white stripes, spots boundless in whole or in part, known as “Jin”. Most multi-meat plant growth slowly, peculiar shape, of flowers delicately, conservation of simple, easy propagation. Can be said that a class of “lazy Flower”.


太空種
Space Breeding-----------------Wong Man Sing
English name: Space breeding (Melon Land Fruit)
characteristic: The outer space seed, is refers to the farm crops seed to leave the Earth, rides on the spacecraft, in the outer space movement, in the microgravity, the perfect vacuum, ultra pure, the strong radiation and the great temperature difference space roams through certain time, the seed gene has the hereditary change. After returns to the Earth, cultivates after the ground four after eight generations. Thus obtains the stable high production, precocious, the disease-resistant strong high quality farm crops seed.
如何觀察大樹折斷

How Observes the Big Tree to Break off--------Wong Man Sing
How observes the big tree to break off, grows not good situation
A.) Observes the trees on time, like each week or fortnightly.
Procedure:
(1) Is eaten suddenly in the normal vegetal period massive leaves by the insect.
(2) Changes suddenly in the normal vegetal period massive leave yellow withers and falls. (Eliminates season fallen leaf)
(3) In the normal vegetal period young leaf cannot the normal growth distortion.
(4) In normal vegetal period discovery massive larva aculeatas.
(5) Starts to discover the small amount deadwood.
(6) The discovery big branch withers bare. By now our had to have to shut off the deadwood, looked the margin did have is been destroyed by insects. (Ground has insect excrement, sawdust)
(7) The big branch or the bough appear the spontaneous reaction which is destroyed by insects --- Gummosis.
(8) The bough, the size branch like do not have the leaf, shears the bark lightly with the knife, discovers the phloem, the cambium, but withered and yellow does not have the dark green moisture, may prove the death. Otherwise (please be cut-off withered and yellow part to do have dark green has vitality phloem, cambium) the branch death can receive is destroyed by insects the evil, downward invades the food rottenly to the entire tree.
B.) Other observations:
(1) The crown too seriously Wind Effects to repair a fine crown
(2) Tree trunk compared to before, has the inclined big comparison. (3) The bark ruptures, the wound are general.
(4) The tree trunkappears the fungus. (For example auricularia auricula)
(5) Nearby the trees appears the ant hole, the rat-hole.
(6) Nearby the trees underground appears the crack.

如何選購靚水仙花
How to Choose the Pretty Narcissus Flower---------Wong Man Sing
How to choose the pretty narcissus flower------More than 40 years narcissus flower expert teach you.
(1) Do not have the water immersion narcissus flower do not buy----Narcissus perianth system water influence normal growth.
(2) The narcissus flower root few do not have to buy----The narcissus perianth person breaks the influence normal growth.
(3) Chooses the narcissus host bladder is the goose is egg-shaped, arranges sturdy bud.
(4) Chooses the host bladder to grow largely many sturdy buds, the opposite angle bud wants the pair to largely, only then has the flower calamus.
(5) Like the lateral bud appears six pieces of leaves or less fine, general has not spent calamus.
(6) The narcissus flower root must have snow white, long and dense, represents the normal narcissus flower.
(7) The seasonable narcissus flower is refers to the year 28 utmost lunar New Year's Day to start to blossom.
(8) Looks for the colored files which may trust to select and purchase.
The processing narcissus flower
1) Accelerates to blossom, available lamp according to method.
2) Reduces speed blossoms, may put the shade cool place.
3) Short leaf method, available paclobutrazol .
4) Lengthens the flowering season, available medical glucose fluid.
5) Seed disinfection, available potassium permanganate.

插花園藝
Flower Arrangement Gardening------------Wong Man Sing
Flower arrangement art is through plants flowers the material modeling to manifest the flowers and plants respectively the vitality and beautiful. The colored material is refers to the flower arrangement the source material, or calls to cut the flower. Not merely but cuts the flower to stop is the flowers, cuts down the flowers, the flowering branch, the fruit-bearing branch, the branch, the leaf blade, the bud, the skin and root including the plant on and so on always called.
Along with the world tidal current tendency, the flower arrangement art stratification plane delayed to the flowers and plants outside a broader scope. Not merely stops flowers and plants itself the selection and the color mixes the lining the relations, must emphasize the environment affective tone and the flower arrangement coordination which in the room arranges. Flower arrangement art includes: Offers flowers, the bridal bouquet of flowers, the birthday bouquet of flowers, the sweetheart bouquet of flowers, the graduation ritual bouquet of flowers, the hand ties up the bouquet of flowers, the decorative design, the present packing design, the holiday flower arrangement, different household utensils flower arrangement art, the boutonniere design, the bottle flower ornaments, the even small dish ornaments, the funeral decorates, the host ritual arrangement, the wall decoration arrangement, the potted flower ornaments, the dinner table design and so on.

有機蔬菜


Organic Vegetables------------------------Wong Man Sing
In recent years, people often heard the organic vegetables, thing and so on organic fruit. This common agricultural product has differently what? Simple speaking in cultivation crops process, completely without the use of chemical fertilizers, chemical pesticides (insecticides). A method of agricultural production with chemical growth conditioner. Organic farming emphasizes the use of agricultural waste , such as straw , weeds , rice , rice bran , bean dregs , Schrot , sardine meal , bone meal , dry meat meal , fish manure , chicken manure , cow dung , human excrement , wood ash , plant ash , peanut meal , Soybean Meal , bark , pig manure , leaf mold , and so on . After the compost the fermentation acid leaven processing, it can be used. This is termed organic fertilizer, in order to improve the soil. And nutrients to supply the needs of the crop itself.
Prevents and controls the aspect at plant disease, does not use chemistry agriculture completely medicine, and using some natural agricultural medicine like liquor , petroleum , vinegar , lime , mineral substance , sulfur , copper , garlic , hot pepper, pyrethrum and so on. Achieves to kill the plant diseases and insect pests. How sums up knew the organic cultivation, uses the good organic fertilizer and the organic planter technology. Improves our environment and the ecology, promotes us to live the quality, and enjoys the health, nutrition the achievement.

有毒植物

Poisonous Plants--------------Wong Man Sing
The plant is beautifies the environment and provides the nourishment for the humanity and the animal. But some plants cannot casual edible, even touch also less secure. In fact, since the origin of species , exists in the world the plant completely all is until now “beneficial” and does not have “harmfully”said , only is some plants produces certain virulent , harmful ingredients in metabolism process. For example the toxic biological , proteins , organic acids , inorganic compounds or toxic amines , phenol ,  of , , , ethers , alcohols , such .When the humanity eats by mistake or excessive, only then can have the adverse effect.
Actually, beneficial and harmful is group of relative concept, both may transform mutually. One kind of plant, from a certain point of view, under some condition is beneficial. Vice versa, is harmful. The harmful plant, like use is appropriate, uses its micro harmful ingredient, can produce the beneficial results. If very many sterilization, hopes the fungus, anti-cancer the medicinal plant, to be this kind. The book edits the goal to hope provides the reference. Because distinguishes in the daily life the common virulent plant, to avoid eating by mistake, misuses receives injures, hoped everybody correctly understands the virulent plant, elimination nonessential dread, correct treatment.

棕櫚植物

Palm---------------------------------------Wong Man Sing
Palm plant---------------------------------Wong Man Sing
Bamboo class plant
Palm plant and the bamboo class plant characteristic is the stem does not form the bark, Bundle closed, the diameter is small, leaf vein parallel, flower's cardinal number is usually 3, and the sub-embryo is 1 seed leaf.
植物學上的用語


Botanical terminology ---------------Wong Man Sing
Herb: Grows diminutive, does not have the lignin plant.
Bush: Grows the common big plant.
Tree: Grows the big plant.
Multi-meat plant: Has the pulp stem, the leaf storing moisture. Annual plant: By starts with the seed growth, to blossoms, seed to death. In the general year carries on. Compared with has the biennial plant, the perennial plant.
Evergreen: Refers to the whole year leaf growth green, does not have the fallen leaf phenomenon.
Fallen leaf: Refers to plant which the fallen leaf winters.
Punctures the nest: The cactus multi-meat plant unique organ, lives has the down or the thorn, only may blossom a time.
Bract: Colored body part, variation leaf. The color is beautiful.
Bud: Growth initial part, leaf bud, flower bud.
Cuttage: Refers with plant's common stem, the root, the leaf reproduces a new plant.
Double petals: Refers to flower petal's number which blossoms normally to be many. The colored shape is different.
Berry: Fruit of the pulp juiciness, seed in fruit pulp.
Capsule: Dry fruit of the dehiscence.
Monoecism: Some plants partakers of male and female
If in the chestnut tree group, must plant a male tree, can also blossom.
Lobe: Lamination of the organ.
Tendril: Organization of the striation may twine his thing on.
Goes against lives: Had been born in going against lives or on the terminal.
Drupe: Has the soft pulp, seed shell of the fiber, in has the hard seed.
Milk: Milky juice.
Involucre: Surrounds the entire inflorescence the bract.
Axil: Between within the stem and the leaf becomes the angular position.
Petiole: Refers to handle of department the leaf.
Three small leaves: Leaf blade is composed which by three small leaves.
Simple leaf: Refers to the sole leaf.
Palmate leaf: Leaf blade is composed which by five small leaves, like hand palmate.
Pinnate leaf: Leaf blade is composed which by the multi-piece small leaf, like the feather is hairy.
Bipinnate leaf: The redundant plumose composes leaf blade.
Leaf shapes: Described according to the contour analogy. Belt shapes, ensiform, lanceolate, moment circular, elliptic, cordate, and ovate and so on.
Leaf margins: Refers to the limb, like entire green or has the serrate and so on.
Leaf alternate: Refers to the leaf to arrange on the stem, a piece of leaf.
Leaf opposite: On a stem section pair of pair of leaf growth, like relative.
Leaf whorled: On stem section three pieces of or above leaf growth, like turn shape.
Rachis: Refers to the duplicate leaf the midrib, but extends by the petiole lives or divide the leaf into two and so on.
Section: Refers to on the stem leaf's position.
Venation: refers to the leaves of the conducting tissue. Called ribs, small is called the pulse.
Stipule: Refers to the petiole base the leaf-shape or the lamella thing. Seed leaf: The seed comes out at first leaf blade.
Ovary: Includes female of reproduction organization the ovule. After the fertilization, the ovary changes the peel, the ovule changes the seed.
Bare only: Lacks thatches a roof the wool or the fluff.
Insect fruit: Has the insect flower fruit of with the staminate flower.
Anther: Stamen part content pollen.
Calyx: The perianth most outside part resembles the shape of cup.
Corolla: Organ of the flowered, part of including the flower petal. Filament: Part of the stamen.
Inflorescence: Dense cluster of flowers, or on plant arrangement situation.
Catkin: Slender, often drooping the flowered ear.
Panicle: Multi-branchings, also launches the inflorescence.
Inflorescence stalk: the inflorescence spindle.
Perianth: Part of the flowered surrounding. Namely refers to the calyx and the corolla part.
Flower petal piece: Refers to the flower petal to have part of the color.
The fringy flower shields: Does not have the branching the close inflorescence. But spends to be without the handle.
Style: Refers to the pistil ovary with the column head between the narrow parts.
Receptacle: Journal of the flowered.
Umbel: And so on the long flower is composed by the most pedicels. Or solid makes the radiated arrangement.
Flower petal shape: Is like the flower petal.
Raceme: Refers to inflorescence of the single handle, on the handle has a half handle to be continually colored, lower part the flower first opens.
Spathe: Namely spadix, central like corn shape heart, also resembles the red palm the flower.
Legume: If the cowpea, the seed arranges half shape. Both sides of the legume.
Labellum: Refers to a corolla special lobe, all orchids all have the labellum.
The Portuguese runners: grow along the soil surface Portuguese runners Cladosporium breeding .
Base fertilizer: Before the growth, buries in the plant following fertilizer.
Top dressing: Exerts the fertilizer in the growth situation.
Chemical fertilizers: Refers to the synthesized chemical substance the fertilizer.
Organic fertilizer: Refers to the animal excrement, plant's spoiled leaf, the oil cake and so on.
Pruning: Reorganization shape of tree, if lures the branch with the iron wire.
Artificial pollination: Choosing a person for a job begins, to make the female flower the pollen.
Field planting: Transfers to in the paddies or the trough by the seedling.
Distance between plants: Refers to distance between the adult plant and adult plants.
Row spacing: Refers to the sowing seeds ditch and the sowing seeds ditch, plants with plants distance of the ditch.
pinching: accusations to the terminal bud.84

Bedding: Refers plants the seed, processing seedling calls the furrow. Digs the gulley the field earth both sides, in order to help draining water.
Fall tree top: After refers receives the fruit, sends out the new bud after the trim. Advantageous in the future result.
Terminology
Rhizocarp: When winter the plant aerial parts lose plant, but the underground root system's still survived.
Bulb: First is the subterranean stem, the contraction becomes discoid, above the dense scale leaves and buds. Adapt to adverse environmental changes in different forms.
Loam: Certain proportion sand earth, the powder sandy soil and the clay soil formation earth is bad. Suitable for plant growth.
Acid soil: Refers to the pH value to be smaller than 6.5 soils. The majority of flowers and plants like soil. For example cuckoo, camellia japonica.
Alkali soil: Refers to the pH value to be bigger than 7 soils. In addition to the cactus, common flowers and plants not suitable for the soil.

植物演變
Plant evolution--------Wong Man Sing
Earth the minority life, the scientist which after the disastrous momentous change, like the ice age, the majority life death, remains down are called the child to lose the biology. And is called the living fossil vividly. Animal like panda, plant like metasequoia glyptostroboides and so on.
The fossil specimen is the ancient biological vestige or the remains, for example the dinosaur fossil, the dinosaur egg, the recent snowy mountain discovery mammoth all is. America discovered maximized stone forest. Sub-loses the plant is refers to the ecology plant, the physiological mechanism, the chemical composition, the heredity gene and so on, the retention ancient form characteristic.
Natural heritage the precious rare and precious plant, China has very many nature protection areas, for example Jilin Changbai mountain, Shanxi taibai mountain, Fujian Wuyi mountain, Yunnan Xishuangbanna, Hainan Island Jianfengling, Tibet Motuo, Xinjiang Altay and so on.
These sub-lose the plant is the rare and precious plants, for example the cyathea, the ginkgo biloba, the metasequoia glyptostroboides, the araucaria heterophylla, the cycas revoluts, the taxodiumascendens , the taxodium distichum, the taxus, the pseudolarix amabilis , the sabina squamata, the davidia involucrata, the eucommia ulmoides , the parashorea chinensis Wang Hsie, the rhododendron protistum, the populus euphratica and so on.
Sub-loses is called the gymnosperm which the plant repetition changes comes.
Gymnosperm's characteristic, the seed exposes on the hard fruit axis the order is arranging, does not have the peel, the fruit pulp diaper. Is apart from now to have 300,010,000 years, after carbon period, permian discipline, the mesozoic era permian discipline, the Jurassic Period, the cretaceous period, the cainozoic era tertiary period, the quaternary ice age time, the survivance gets down the gymnosperm to be very few, present gymnosperm including cycadaceae, araucariaceae, pinaceae, taxodiaceae, cupressaceae, podocarpaceae, cephalotaxaceae, ephedraceae, Gnetaceae, Taxaceae , ginkgoaceae and so on. The Jurassic period generation of plant enters the angiosperm by the gymnosperm repetition which the differentiation comes.
The angiosperm characteristic has the obvious flower, the color, bright and beautiful. After the flower falls down, forms the beautiful fruit, has the peel, and has the fruit pulp. Seed in fruit pulp diaper.
Angiosperm including double seed leaf and monocotyledon plant two big kinds. Again divides has the herb, the woody plants, the liana and so on. But these plants, have the obvious cerebral cortex, the pith, trees' stem increase every year thickly, has the annual ring, the leaf vein lattice. Flower's cardinal number is usually 4-5; the seed embryo is 2 seed leaves.
At the present when today science and technology changes with each new day, the humanity the plant after the high tech hybrid produces the new variety. Also or turns the plant seed the outer space seed.
(The outer space seed is refers to the farm crops seed to leave the Earth, rides on the spacecraft, in the outer space movement, in the microgravity, the perfect vacuum, ultra pure, the strong radiation and the great temperature difference space roams through certain time, the seed gene has the hereditary change. After returns to the Earth, cultivates after the ground four after eight generations. Thus obtains the stable high production, precocious, the disease-resistant strong high quality farm crops seed.)


水草植物

Aquatic plants--------Wong Man Sing
Nowadays the social people longed for pursues the tranquil interest, the aquarium is colorful, the fascinating submarine world. Charming aquatic plant modeling, feast people’s eyes on it. The water plant makes the scenery is one technique. Or in the garden addition rockery basin, the pond plants the water plant which the fill is angry, makes you to enter the nature the world.


盆景園藝

Bonsai gardening-----------Wong Man Sing
The bonsai gardening is comprehensive gardening, forest, agronomy, fine arts, studying and shape of personality cultivation and plastic art.
Bonsai gardening its tracing really ancient, and seen in old paintings of Tang , Song bonsai depicted , can still infer its history , no doubt more than 1200 years of history in the Tang and Song ago , not only is Chinese's affection, simultaneously also receives the world each place hobby bonsai public figure's affection.
Bonsai art carves the insect small technique by no means, but has it highly art value existence. Speaking of its nature. Regardless of the Devonian selections of, creation the shape, method of the entire posture and cuts applies fertilizer surely, watering and so on. All must have highly the skill and the patience, can cultivates the outstanding excellent work. Between the size, displays the nature divine creative force mysteriously wonderful, regardless of the soothing, change makings, beautification life, all should prepare art of domain our country traditional culture, true, goodness, beauty.
The Chinese bonsai may divide into approximately, “Rocks bonsai” and “Tree bonsai”.Namely rocky and bonsai two big kinds. The rocky bonsai primarily in stone, decorates with plants; pavilion Taiwan, boat, bridge pieces. Displays the famed scenery god appearance in the trough. Bonsai by trees primarily, rocks, set-off and so on character, birds and beasts. Performance forest natural scenery, but pursues the size great distance actually, the accommodation nature.
The bonsai tree may the certificate of division of family property do, double does, the child and mother to do, more than one to do, gathers dryly plants, entire cliff, half cliff, watermark, to flutter outside the trough, to lie the trough, to fall, tree to attach the stone and so on, to make the scenery, by rich traditional Chinese painting esthetic sense primarily.
竹（禾木科）

Bamboo (gramineae) -----------Wong Man Sing
Bamboo------------Wong Man Sing
English name: Bambusa
branch: gramineae
branch source area: India, Malaysia, China.
Leaf: Long and narrow, both sides point.
Flower:
Fruit:
Characteristic: The variety are many, has bambusa vulgaris, the height 12 meters, the diameter seven, eight centimeters. Yellow, green stripe, bamboo joint swelling bulge. The short variety has the bambusa multiplex, a height meter. Also has lower part the bamboo node the large like stomach bambusa ventricosa. The bamboo versatility, the bamboo shoots may eat.
Reproduction: Selects minute but including the root, or cuttage law. Bamboo plants.
Palm plant and the bamboo plant characteristic is the stem does not form the bark, Bundle closed, the diameter is small, leaf vein parallel, flower's cardinal number is usually 3, and the sub-embryo is 1 seed leaf.


花语寓意

Language of flowers fable ---------- Wong Man Sing
Rose pink--------so beautiful and charming/first love
Rose yellow----- The apology
Rose red---------- Really loves/the deep love/pledge
Rose white------- Noble
Rose purple------- -Romantic/precious
Rose black------ Sincerity gentle
Rose orange----- Youth/friendship
Rose blue-------- Honest/good
Rose-------------- Flower of the sweetheart
Carnation--------Maternal love/warm
Lilium candidum--------Happy union lasting a hundred years/perfect
Liliumcv. “StarGazer”--------Jubilant
Lilium lancifolium --------The admire
Dendrobium nobile--------Fathers Day the flower/really/brave
Myosotis sylvatica--------Forever misses/the friendship to exist forever
The Chinese peony-----------According to loaths to part
Cymbidium faberi -----------If fades the propitious/elegant and poised
Lotus-----------Lofty chaste/concern love
Rosa chinensis-----------Has a bright future/ prosperously
Strelitzia reginae banks-------Free/propitious
Russelia equisetiformis-------Propitious/happy
Hyacinthus orientalis-------Faithful/perseverance
Lavandula pedunculata-------Waits for love
Narcissus----------Tranquil/simple and elegant
Citrus mitis-------Four seasons safe
Vaccinium randaiense hayata----------Big orange greatly favorable Peach blossom----------Unfolds the grand plan/developed greatly
Orchid-----------The noble and pure quality
Alice--------Romantic
Oncidium lexuosum-------Lively/lovable
Pavetta hongkongensis-------Shows loving care for the
Anthurum scherzenrianum----------For ever and ever solar Gerbera-------Prosperous/bright Gladiolus----------Lofty/longevity/healthy and peaceful
Euphorbia pulcherrima------Christmas day
Chimonathus praecox---------Propitious/lofty
Catharanthus roseus------Is faithful own


菊展园艺


Chrysanthemum show gardening ----------Wo ng Man Sing
The chrysanthemum produces the China Huanghe River valley originally Shaanxi Qinling and the Henan Funiu highlands. The cultivation history had more than 3000 years.
Records in "the book of Rites" has “month of the last month of autumn, bows has the chrysanthemum” record proved the chrysanthemum is the autumn blossoms. Had more than 160 kinds to the Song Dynasty chrysanthemum variety. Has several thousand varieties to nowadays chrysanthemum oneself. Since the ancient and modern has had the chrysanthemum altogether to enjoy actually.
The chrysanthemum is the Chinese tradition precious flower; differ in thousands of ways flowers. Beautiful flowers color. Delicate and pretty elegant aroma.
Person of the deep love chrysanthemum likes. Ancient times the Tao Yuanming poet extolled the chrysanthemum,“the fragrant chrysanthemum opened in the forest dazzling brilliance, pine stand at the rock is tall , straight and strong. The pine and chrysanthemum have such firmness beautiful charm, outstanding stand firm image, so be called the hero.” The obvious chrysanthemum is noble and pure, the characteristic of the message describes incisively and vividly.
Chrysanthemum cold resistant, happy severe frost, the autumn and the ninth days of the ninth lunar month, west forced-air cooling item, and all of the flowers on the wane time, is precisely the chrysanthemum brilliant time. Because the chrysanthemum variety the cultivation way different, management is different. Mainly divides into following variety
(1) Independent chrysanthemum - is most common in the skill chrysanthemum cultivation, its basic characteristic is a flower. Also calls the specimen chrysanthemum.
(2) Sets up in a chrysanthemum - most common one way, namely trough to be possible to leave the neat several flowers.
(3) The Dali chrysanthemum - to select the big chrysanthemum mesozoic growing trend greatly to be exuberant, the branching law, panel length, soft hard moderate, adult plant big variety cultivation becomes.
(4) Cliff chrysanthemum – selects, the small variety, has the unique style bonsai after the artificial reshaping, to take the form of the mountain cliff.
(5) Tower chrysanthemum - multipurpose Artemisia scoparia, the Artemisia apiacea grafts the chrysanthemum to become. Many chrysanthemums pass through repeatedly pinching many times! A modelling chrysanthemum.
(6) Modeling chrysanthemum – selects the small chrysanthemum, is exquisite after the artificial shape, falls to pieces the imposing manner myriad, like color phoenix to the positive, female celestial, various types its type, dazzling, and regards the amusement extremely.

观果植物

Ornamental fruit plants-------Wong Man Sing
The cultivation fruit tree, spring may watch the bud posture, the bright new leaf, and the color spot rotten flowers. Then you may watch one by one the beautiful fruit. Finally also may taste the delicacy the fruit. But the fruit tree suits the park, the campus, the garden, the hillside, the farm big place planter generally, the fruit tree trunk is big, the crown expands. Only then has the many fruit crop.
But the nowadays are very many the place which the human lives to be very few. People want to watch the fruit tree the flower and the fruit. Also may use the slightly big earthen bowl, the trough cultivate the fruit tree. Satisfies own hobby.
观花木本

View of flowers and trees-------Wong Man Sing
The xylophyte is refers to the stem the xylem developed, sustaining power strong, stem is a woody stem. Named xylophyte. If bombax malabaria , roses and so on.
The xylophyte divides the bush or the tree two kinds.
The bush is refers to tree and so on growth common big plant, like rose, jasminum sambac.
The tree is refers to the growth big plant, like bombax malabaria, delonix regia and so on.
The xylophyte growth age is very long has hundred year trees, millennium trees. But the recent years discovered 50-60 age enters the Acacia confusa which Hong Kong plants; the life is short; only then more than 50 years lives. View flower and xylophyte; is the street common plant. Watches them to change the beautiful style in the different season. Daily purifies the air, isolation noise, vision nearby us with us to beautify, the environment beautification. We know a little more knowledge and understanding .To cherish our environment, protects our Earth.
觀花水生

View flowers aquatic------------Wong Man Sing
Aquatic plant in nature colorful, extremely complex, in source wild rivers, lake, bog, wetland, according to natural law growth. The people the beautiful aquatic plant cultivate the belt to the city botanical garden in. The aquatic plant may divide into the floating aquatic plant, the water plant, and the submerged plant three kinds. Floating aquatic plant: For example Nymphaea tetragona , Victoria amazonica, water hyacinth and so on. Very water plant like lotus flower, vine cattail, loosestrife and so on. Submerged plant: For example common snapdragon, spirogyra and so on. In the Chinese classical botanical garden design, is equipped with the rockery, the waterfall, the lake, lotus pond and so on. Increases the nature the beauty
觀花球根

View of flower bulbs-----------Wong Man Sing
The view flower tuber flowers and plants' variety, compared to the view wood, observes the grass variety to be few. But the common flower is big, the color is gorgeous, a blossom is rich and is neat. The tuber plant refers to the plant underground part massive preserve nutrient, has perennial herb which the metamorphosis expands. Defers to the special preserve nutrient organ generally different, mainly has the bulb, the corm, the tuber, the root tuber and the rhizome and so on five big kinds
(1) Bulb: Refers lower part forms a stalk on the plate for the large contraction metamorphosis of leaf accumulation fruit in the reduction stem, spherical for example Narcissus, Tulip gesneriana .
(2) Rhizome: Subterranean stem large, festival and internode obvious. For example Hedychium coronarium, Canna indicia.
(3) Corm: The stem foot expands, assumes the solid sphericalness. By outline shape external coat periplast package. Renews every year calls the corm. For example Gladiolus hybridus .
(4) Tuber: The subterranean stem shape rule, every year large, do not have the name block stem which the external coat periplast wraps. For example Gloxinia, Caladium hortulanum.
(5) Root tuber: Root large shape line preserve organization. For example Dahlia pinnata , Ranunculus asiaticus .
The bulb flowers have two source areas one are the Mediterranean Sea coast winter rain area, is the fall planting tuber, is the autumn transplants, the winter inborn, the spring blossoms, the summer dormancy. For example narcissus, lily, hyacinthus orientalis. South of another kind acts in a reprehensible manner representative's summer rain area. Spring transplants, the summer blossoms, the winter hibernation. For example Dahlia pinnata, Canna indicia, Hippeastrum vittatum.
The bulb flowers can be naturally into the ball; therefore trough bulb flowers may grow very many minute, fresher more, pleasure infinite.

觀花草本

View of Flowers and Herbs------Wong Man Sing
The herb is refers to the stem the xylem not to be developed, the sustaining power is weak, this kind of stem grass nature stem. Named herb like cockscomb, maidenhair and so on. The herb divides into the annual herb, two years live the herbaceous, perennial long this.
Annual herb: Refers in for a year to complete its life history, spring sows seeds, the summer fall to blossom the plant which, the result, autumn seed mature, winter aerial parts lose plant.
Two year growth herbs: They are carried over to the following year the growth, life history to complete in a year, bear fill. Will sow seeds, the next year spring in the autumn to blossom, the result, but the seed mature the plant will lose plant in the summer. If melon chrysanthemum, chrysanthemum and so on.
Perennial herb: The underground root, stem developed, every year spring may blossom, the result. Somewhat calls to lose plant. Some leaves evergreen. For example perennial root, bulb, aquatic, orchid, result, pteridophyta and so on plants. An herb available sowing seeds , cuttage , minute method reproduces ,inside and outside the room to afforest afforested beautification environment and so on commonly used, for example living room, entrance hall, dining room，studio, balcony, bedroom, office park, campus, garden.

觀花藤本
View flowers liana-------Wong Man Sing
The view flower liana also called the vine plant, is refers May the vine live crawls the cane plant, main between herb and woody plants, the vitality is very strong, the reproduction is rapid. The flowers variety are very many, is observed deeply the flower affection. Liana characteristic, no matter the solitary flower perhaps the cluster are colored, majority of demonstrated naturally outside the stem leaf, therefore the flowers reveal tenderly and beautifully colorful.
The liana except climbs up the stockade, but also may encircle the fence, may crawl the frame, may a modeling, may climb up the parasitism, may crawl surface and so on. The lianas major function, is in the identical scope, by the three-dimensional form, the increase afforestation area, also may put up the cool grid, rests for the human. If the pyrostegia ignea , bougainvillea spectabillis, campsis grandiflora, the honeysuckle and so on.
The lianas compatibility is very strong, the rapid growth, like the wild ipomoea hederacea, short June, July may spread the full earth.
观花兰花

View flowers orchids---------Wong Man Sing
Wide fork orchid is refers to the orchidaceae plants, including Guolan and cattleya. Guolan refers a kind of flower small color, shallow, changed little, leaf form beauty, fragrant. Our country production. Such as Cymbidium goeringii Rochb. f. , Cymbidium ensifolium(L).Sw. , Cymbidium faberi, Cymbidium Kanran Mak. , Cymbidium sinensis (Andr.) Willd. . Orchid clear brilliant including charming fragrance overflowing, “incense" the reputation of the best in the world. Through the ages, a people orchid, the plum, the bamboo, the chrysanthemum is “four gentlemen”. Regards loyally blue for the saint, happy, the noble and pure symbol. Writers and poets good article method called Lan Zhang. Really clean friendship called "Lan Yi ". Deed to friend called Jinlan sworn. The ancient and modern celebrity chants the orchid poetry. To the Southern Song the poet Liu Kezhuang the Septasyllabic "Orchid” the most exciting. Orchids are the ground orchid stems short, the majority of changes to the shortening of the chain bulbs, roots fleshy stems milky white, the storage of nutrients and moisture. Orchid is a traditional Chinese garden flowers, quiet flavor, and color and refined. Generally on display in the living room, meeting rooms, halls, very elegant. Cultivation: hi shading 70-80 %, temperature 20 ° C to -30 ° C, air humidity 70-80 %, and well-ventilated place. Including humus rich slight acidity soil.
Propagation: Division propagation.
观叶植物

Foliage plants------------Wong Man Sing
Along with societies leap progress, people's life rhythm speeds up day by day, but the work bustles about anxiously. Paris green or the beautiful variegated foliage plant embellishes using the branches and leaves lives at home, the office, the conference room, even the washroom. Builds fresh, the nature and the fill vitality work and the life space. In the busy -odd affable rhythm of life, enable the mind to obtain the harmonious peaceful nature pleasure. The view flower plant is high regarding the illumination request, is not suitable in the room for a long time rises. But observes the foliage plant usual comparison to bear gloomily, is not high to the illumination request. Seasons in the indoor grown under the conditions of the scattered light. Also may reproduce, the management is simple. Therefore the foliage plant is welcome.
Foliage plant except beautified room in beside, but also may improve the room climate, the purification environment function. This kind of plant own photosynthesis, the absorption carbon dioxide release the oxygen, but also may absorb in the air effectively chemistry pollution material. In the control room the spatial humiture, suppresses in the air effectively the harmful germ.
送花的枝數寓意
Number of branches flowers meaning--------Wong Man Sing
1-------You are only/fall in love
2-------The intimate falls in love/has mutual affinity
3-------I love you
4-------Makes a solemn pledge of eternal love
5-------Does not have angry regretless
6-------Proceed smoothly without a hitch
7------Happy chance meeting
8------Developed prosperous/propitious pleasant
9------Forever will follow
10-----Entire beautiful/sincere and honest
11-----In the heart most loves/wholeheartedly
12-----All the Year lucky/complete love
16----- Proceed smoothly without a hitch
18-----The source of wealth enters/ Young and beautiful
19-----Permanent love
20-----Generation after generation love
22-----Likes following/couples
24-----All the time missing
27-----Love your wife
29-----Loves permanent
30-----In does not say
33-----I love you forever
51-----In my heart only then your
66-----Loves without limits
99-----For ever and ever/forever love
100----The happy union lasting a hundred years/grows old together 101----Until forever/only love
110----Inexhaustible love
365----Every day love
999 ----Inexhaustible loves
10000 -------- Love your for 10,000 years


香港樹木

Trees in Hong Kong-------Wong Man Sing
Hong Kong's position and the climate, produce the plant is the subtropics class; including comes from Taiwan, Japan, Also has variety of Vietnam to the Indian comes from variety of Malaysian and the Australian. But although Hong Kong a very tiny area, because the climate changes; Therefore variety, dazzling. Opens at the beginning of the port, the Hong Kong trees sparse, after that to input large quantities of trees unceasingly and reproduces. Now Hong Kong's hillside, open country, park, street, garden, campus, trees together grow with us.
The Hong Kong trees varieties are very many, some varieties to induce another kind of plant, for example view fruit plant, palm plant, bamboo plant, and virulent plant and so on. The purpose of this series will allow tourists, citizens, and students to see the trees and wish to know these names, can find what you want, may look for a steed with the aid of its picture, and makes a connoisseurship.